Audit and Assuranace Global Financial Crises

Sir Richard Branson, Chairman, Virgin Group, Ltd. Case Study Essay Example

Sir Richard Branson, Chairman, Virgin Group, Ltd. Contextual investigation Essay Sir Richard Branson, Chairman, Virgin Group, Ltd. Contextual investigation Name: Course: Date: We will compose a custom paper test on Sir Richard Branson, Chairman, Virgin Group, Ltd. Contextual investigation explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Sir Richard Branson, Chairman, Virgin Group, Ltd. Contextual analysis explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Sir Richard Branson, Chairman, Virgin Group, Ltd. Contextual analysis explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Sir Richard Branson, Chairman, Virgin Group, Ltd. Contextual analysis Sir Richard Branson shows attributes of what could be a transformative pioneer. This is on the grounds that he utilizes a methodology that centers around improving the spirit and inspiration of his laborers. A transformative pioneer ordinarily expect that his laborers are his most noteworthy resources in that they are a piece of the essential variables of creation. Fulfilled specialists as a rule convey great administrations to the client prompting a chain of occasions of ensuing consumer loyalty regarding acquisition of products and ventures, which are adequate for the fulfillment of the necessities and needs. Richard Branson could be named as a brand since his picture is normally distinguished by purchasers as a major aspect of the association. He assumes a noteworthy job regarding the executives and guaranteeing the elite of the association in the market. His individual picture and character and the authoritative picture are indivisible in that he targets elevating his organization to the world through his relational aptitudes and the board ways to deal with improve the intensity of his chain of associations (Kippenberger, 2002). Branson has figured out how to impact and develop enthusiasm for his laborers as far as expanded execution through issue of inspiration and confidence. As the proprietor and supervisor of his association, he looks into the hierarchical activities and in this way is now and again engaged with direct cooperations with laborers even in the most reduced degree of authoritative progressive system. This is fundamental in that as pioneer he can show the laborers concern and comprehend their difficulties. Distinguishing proof difficulties in the working environment on part of the laborers by a pioneer or senior administration is crucial in that he can guarantee that such difficulties are tended to. This has the strength to bring about expanded efficiency by the representatives and therefore ensuing increment in incomes and consumer loyalty (Dearlove, 2007). Cooperations with the representatives over all the degrees of the chain of command is imperative in that it has empowered Branson to distinguish gifted people who are able to accept high jobs in progression in the association. This likewise benefits him with thoughts, which target expanding effectiveness and profitability in the association and therefore bringing about costs decreases and expanded efficiency and intensity of his association. These attributes delineate that a pioneer has what it takes, which guarantee that he can recognize openings, and qualified people for empowering the association achieve its key objectives and targets (Dearlove, 2007). Pioneers like Branson guarantee that their communications with the workers are planned for empowering transparency and expanding nature. This is a fundamental methodology in that it targets empowering sharing of data and thoughts, which could be utilized by the association in accepting a situation in the market, expanding seriousness and hierarchical picture in the prevailing press (Raja, Dr. Palanichamy. 2011). Individualized thought is a principle quality displayed by transformative pioneers such a sir Richard Branson. They normally give sympathy and backing to their devotees and take into account open correspondence with the adherents and workers. This takes into consideration correspondence from most minimal degrees of progression to the top administration, for example, in Branson’s case to guarantee that he is in the know regarding the tasks in the association. Such takes into account straightforwardness in the association, as the most significant level of power is acquainted with issues in lower levels of the association just as in the activities of the association. This permits the chief to guarantee that he is acquainted with issues, which may be very essential to the tasks of the association (Dearlove, 2007). The achievement of Richard Branson and his chain of associations is owing to a significant level of hazard taking. Scholarly incitement is one of the fundamental qualities displayed by Branson in that pioneers with such attributes can challenge existent suppositions, accept high dangers just as requesting for thoughts from the devotees or workers. Branson accept a one of a kind style of authority in that he settles on choices with the wagers enthusiasm of the association and its workers. Imagination and development in Virgin Group has been one of the principle drivers of the development of the hierarchical chains given the expanded rivalry in an innovative propelled business world. Branson empowers singular development and supports ability in his association (Raja, Dr. Palanichamy. 2011). This is imperative in that he can utilize such abilities to pick up thoughts for developing his association to more prominent statures in the business world. Freedom allowed by pioneers, for example, Branson is fundamental in that the supporters or representatives can settle on choices as far as the execution of undertakings appointed to them by the executives. This takes into consideration advancement and inventiveness to build efficiency in the association and along these lines guaranteeing expanded consumer loyalty from administrations of items conveyed by an association (Kippenberger, 2002).. A solitary style of initiative is inadequate to guarantee that the association is worked in an expert way while guaranteeing viewpoints, for example, dynamic cooperation of the representatives, regard for more significant position authority and consolation of representatives is realized. Consequently, it is crucial to utilize a mix of the different styles of administration to guarantee a multifaceted methodology in driving the association. The significant administration styles expected by pioneers in current associations incorporate dictator draws near, value-based initiative, free enterprise authority style, which is considered as a â€Å"hands off approach†, could be accepted by Branson in running his gatherings of associations (Kippenberger, 2002). A dictator approach is fundamental in that guarantees the minimization and destruction of issues of insolence and need off recognition of an order in the authoritative progressive system. What's more, it additionally ingrains a significant level of control and obligation as the representatives target guaranteeing insignificant clashes or experiences with the more significant level of power in light of decreased efficiency and poor yield as far as nature of work in the association. It could be accepted by Branson as he continued looking for guaranteeing that all the workers can adhere to guidelines gave and sets of principles in the association. This guarantees insignificant deviations in tasks consequently negligible expenses of activity just as decrease in operational expenses. A delegative style or approach could likewise be fused in the initiative style expected by Branson. This methodology is basic in that the pioneer stays of his definitive situation to give bearing and settle on choices in the association towards the accomplishment of the hierarchical objectives and goals. It accommodates issue of undertakings dependent on the perspective on the pioneer and guarantees that the pioneer is obligated for the results of the different choices embraced. Further more free enterprise administration style of authority could likewise be utilized specifically by Branson to guarantee expansion of advantages from the utilization of a consolidated methodology of initiative (Maag, Kasermann, 2010). This typically is like the delegative methodology and involves the issue of assignments, obligations and duties to the workers by the pioneer with next to zero course as far as execution of such errands. This methodology is utilized essentially in undertakings, which the e xistent representatives are familiar with and can execute such errands and obligations easily (Raja, Dr. Palanichamy. 2011). The representatives are generally permitted unreasonable self-sufficiency in free enterprise authority style of initiative. In any case, the workers can demand help to guarantee that the errands are executed as for the directions gave by the pioneer or the administration. This would guarantee decrease of time spent on assessment of procedures, as the representatives comprehend of the desire as far as yield from the undertakings and obligations appointed to them by the pioneer. A joined methodology is basic in that it guarantees the expansion of advantages, for example, expanded power, expanded profitability and expanded advancement and inventiveness by the representatives. In the event that Branson were chipping away at a worldwide task, he would accept a participative methodology as far as administration. This involves on the support of cooperation of the different partners in the venture to guarantee the age of various thoughts. Moreover, the assurance of the choices would accept an aggregate methodology in that all the partners would potentially be urged to give sees in the dynamic procedures. Furthermore, he would likewise assign undertakings to the different people to urge specialization of work to accumulate most extreme advantages for possible accomplishment of the venture Avolio, Bass, Jung, 1999). Furthermore, the task would likewise require a definitive style of administration to guarantee adherence to the exacting estimates, for example, the period for fruition or achievement gave and objectives to possible finishing and accomplishment of the venture. Moreover, the connections with the partners and the workers would furnish Branson with a significant viewpoint. A worker viewpoint is fundamental in that

Ingrezza Uses, Side Effects, Dosages, Precautions

Ingrezza Uses, Side Effects, Dosages, Precautions Schizophrenia Print What to Know About Ingrezza (Valbenazine) A Prescription Drug Used to Treat Tardive Dyskinesia By Sara Lindberg Sara Lindberg, M.Ed., is a freelance writer focusing on mental health, fitness, nutrition, and parenting.   Learn about our editorial policy Sara Lindberg Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on July 06, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 30, 2020 More in Disorders Schizophrenia Addiction ADHD Eating Disorders Social Anxiety Disorder Bipolar Disorder BPD Depression OCD GAD Panic Disorder PTSD View All In This Article Table of Contents Expand Uses Before Taking Dosage Side Effects Warnings and Interactions View All Back To Top Valbenazine, more commonly known as Ingrezza, is the first FDA-approved medication for tardive dyskinesia (TD), a serious side effect from long-term use of drugs that treat mental illness. Ingrezza is a vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) inhibitor that works by changing the activity of certain natural substances in the brain. Ingrezza helps patients who are dealing with TD, which appears as repetitive, jerking movements in the face, neck, and tongue as a result of long-term use of antipsychotic medications. TD can also occur from taking medications used for treating nausea. Ingrezza comes in a capsule form that you take once daily. To date, there is no generic version of Ingrezza available in the United States. Uses Valbenazine or Ingrezza was approved by the FDA in 2017 as a treatment for TD.  The medication is prescribed to treat adults who experience movements in the face, tongue or other body parts that cannot be controlled. While Ingrezza may help decrease the side effects of TD, it is not a cure for this condition. Before Taking Patients with a history of long-term antipsychotic medication for conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression, and who are experiencing the side effects of TD, are good candidates for Ingrezza. If treatment with Ingrezza is successful, it allows patients to continue to take their antipsychotic medications, whereas, in the past, discontinuation or treatment with off-label medications was the only way to manage TD. Precautions and Contraindications To date, no controlled trials exist to establish the safety and efficacy of Ingrezza in children. That’s why the drug is prescribed for adults only and not approved for use by anyone under the age of 18 years old. There is also a lack of information related to drug-association risks in pregnant or lactating women. Because of this, women should be cautioned about using Ingrezza while pregnant, and should always talk to their doctor about risks or discontinuing a prescription drug. Additionally, if you are taking Ingrezza, breastfeeding is not recommended during the course of the medication and for five days after the final dose. Since sleepiness is the most common side effect, patients should not perform activities requiring mental alertness, such as operating heavy machinery, until they know how they will be affected. Tell your doctor if: You have liver problems prior to taking Ingrezza. Patients with severe renal impairment should avoid taking Ingrezza.You are allergic to valbenazine, or any other medications.You are taking any other medications. Several medications may interact with Ingrezza, including monoamine oxidase inhibitors, deutetrabenazine, tetrabenazine, ketoconazole, itraconazole, carbamazepine, phenytoin, fluoxetine, paroxetine, quinidine, rifampin, and digoxin. Other Vesicular Monoamine Transporter 2 (VMAT2) Inhibitors In addition to Ingrezza, Austedo (generic name: deutetrabenazine) is also sometimes prescribed for TD. It is mostly used to treat involuntary muscle movements caused by Huntington’s disease. Dosage Ingrezza is available in 40-mg and 80-mg capsules taken orally daily. According to the manufacturer, your doctor will prescribe an initial dose of 40-mg once daily for one week. After one week, you will increase to the recommended dose of 80-mg once daily. All listed dosages are according to the drug manufacturer. Check your prescription and talk to your doctor to make sure you are taking the right dose for you. Modifications According to the manufacturer, the following conditions require a modification of the dosage: If you have severe hepatic impairment (decreased liver function), the recommended dose of Ingrezza is 40 mg once daily.A reduced dose of 40 mg is also recommended if Ingrezza is taken alongside a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, a class of drugs that can reduce your ability to metabolize certain medicines. Concomitant (simultaneous) use of Ingrezza with a drug in this class should be done with caution.No dose adjustment is required for elderly patients. How to Take and Store Take with or without food.If you miss a dose, take the missed dose as soon as you remember, but if it’s almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule.  Do not double up to make up for a missed dose.Do not stop taking Ingrezza without talking to your doctor first.If you take more than the recommended dose, call your poison control center at 1-800-222-1222.When storing Ingrezza, keep the capsules in the original container and at room temperature away from heat and moisture. Ideal conditions are  20 °C to 25 °C (68 °F to 77 °F). Store out of reach of children and make sure the bottle is closed. Throw away any unused medicine after the expiration date. Side Effects Common side effects of Ingrezza include the following: Sleepiness (this is the most common side effect)HeadacheDizziness, change in balance that can result in trouble walking or fallsDry mouthConstipationBlurred vision More severe side effects can include: Heart rhythm problems  Allergic reaction resulting in hives, difficulty breathing, swelling of the face, lips, or mouthShortness of breathFainting or loss of consciousness If you experience any of these symptoms, call your doctor immediately, or seek emergency care right away. Ingrezza may cause other side effects. If you experience anything not on this list, make note of it, and talk with your doctor. Warnings and Interactions Several prescription medications cause complications when taken with Ingrezza. The following drugs have clinically important interactions with Ingrezza: Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs): Taking Ingrezza and MAOIs such as isocarboxazid, phenelzine, selegiline at the same time is not recommended.  Strong CYP3A4 Inhibitors: Taking a strong CYP3A4 such as itraconazole, ketoconazole, or clarithromycin with the full dose of Ingrezza is contraindicated. The current guidelines recommend reducing Ingrezza dose if taken at the same time as a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor.Strong CYP2D6 Inhibitors: Taking a strong CYP2D6 inhibitor such as paroxetine, fluoxetine, quinidine with the full dose of Ingrezza is contraindicated. The current guidelines recommend reducing Ingrezza dose based on tolerability if taken at the same time as a strong CYP2D6 inhibitor.Strong CYP3A4 Inducers: Taking a strong CYP3A4 inducer such as rifampin, carbamazepine, phenytoin, or St. John’s wort with the full dose of Ingrezza is contraindicated. The current guidelines do not recommend taking these together.Digoxin: Adjust dosage of digoxin if needed.  Grapefruit products s uch as grapefruit juice may worsen the side effects of Ingrezza. Feeling sleepy or experiencing an irregular heart rhythm can happen if you regularly consume grapefruit products. Talk to your doctor about any side effects you may experience.Ingrezza may impair your thinking or reaction time. That’s why it’s recommended to avoid drinking alcohol until you know how your body reacts to the dose. Additionally, operating hazardous equipment should also be paused until you know how Ingrezza will affect you.Do not stop this medication on your own. Talk with your doctor about how to gradually come off of Ingrezza.   To report suspected adverse reactions, you may contact AbbVie Inc.at 1-800-633-9110 or the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. How Doctors Choose Between an Atypical and Typical Antipsychotic

polarity - definition and examples of polarity in English

A Study On Chronic Coffee Consumption Has Preventative On...

The primary objective of this research was to produce a study that displayed that chronic coffee consumption has preventative effects in mammals. This paper will allow me to trace the method that the scientists used in this particular mice experiment. Using the scientific method during the mice experiment allowed the scientists to ask certain questions, make observations, and receive answers to their questions. During this experiment twenty one mice were tested to determine whether water or diluted black coffee would lower the mice blood glucose levels. Through my research and examination of this experiment I will develop a hypothesis and come to a conclusion on the basis of the research provided. Identifying the Steps, Observations, and Hypothesis The identified steps of the scientific method are ask a question, do background research, construct a hypothesis, test your hypothesis by doing an experiment, analyze your data and draw a conclusion, and communicate your results. The observations the scientist made leading up to this experiment were that mice, which are mammals, have a relatively similar body system to that of a human. The fact that mice’s DNA is so similar to that of a human and that their life span is so short, scientist can observe how this experiment will affect their bodies in a much faster frame of time. The hypothesis drawn from this experiment seems to be at odds with the blood glucose in the mice that consumed the coffee rather than the water had dropped

A Guide to Social Climbing Free Essays

Have you ever noticed that every school has cliques and that each clique has its own rules that determine whether you are accepted or rejected? For many students the clichà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ that they belong to will play a major role in who they are and what their schools days will be like. For this reason I believe it is of crucial importance that the younger generations of students are educated in the 3 tenets of coolness. By acquiring these skills, they will have a higher probability of growing up to become mature adults who suffer little or no emotional trauma, at the hassle of their peers. We will write a custom essay sample on A Guide to Social Climbing or any similar topic only for you Order Now Depending on the category of school you attend and the area in which it is located, its social hierarchy may change. Nevertheless, typically the popular people are at the top, the losers at the bottom, and in between are several different classifications. Being conscious of where you belong is vital. It is easy to put yourself within a division, unless you understand complex nature of school cliques. The â€Å"losers† are at the bottom of the social ladder, forced to function outside of the cliquish system. No one truly wants to associate with them. The majority of students emotionally abuse the losers and use them as scapegoats. They’re teased relentlessly and, as a result, are shy. Their shyness and quietness are a way of deflecting unwanted attention to themselves. But no matter how quiet they are, they often find themselves as the object of a cruel joke. Common characteristics here are quietness, low self esteem, â€Å"doormatish† behavior, unusual calmness, and homicidal impulses. Above the losers are Nerds. These teens average A’s and maybe some B’s. During lunch, in the corridors is where you’ll find them. Usually them pretend to do school work but are actually playing computer games. And just in case a teacher walks by they utilize their ability to quickly change the computer screen from Space Invaders to an English Literature essay. If they are not, they find other things to occupy their time with that make the ‘preps’ and ‘populars’ laugh at them. If you have between thirty and forty friends, you are usually classified as a Prep, Preppy, or Lemming. Attending extra curricular activities such as basketball, student council, and debate team are in your record of achievements folder. This kind of student would probably do whatever it takes to maintain his or her reputation as supreme student; after all, it would go nicely in your certificate jammed record of achievements folder. So for your own selfish benefits you use your ability to pretend that you like someone, when in fact you hate them. For example, one minute you’re sneering at the obese loser at the back of the classroom who always wears black and has the same pair of glasses as your grandmas. And then two minutes later you go back there and be buddy-buddy with him, while he does your math work for you. One thing to take note of is to not become an enemy. There is always the probability that this kid is secretly planning some mastermind scheme to arrive at school flying an Apache attack helicopter with twenty M-16 automatic rifles, which are to be used at his discretion for â€Å"peace settling purposes†. Therefore it would be wise to stay on their good side to make sure you are spared if this occurs. If you have fifty friends or more, you are at the top of the social ladder, in other words you are categorized as ‘popular’. These people are extremely unfriendly to anyone outside their highly exclusive clichà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. If an outsider tries to communicate with them, they are ignored or receive a pair of rolling eyes for their efforts. A populars daily routine includes gossiping about others and backstabbing. Now that you understand the complex behaviors and characteristics in which school cliques function, your next step is to understand the 3 tenets of coolness. These are based on guidelines of how to become cool: 1. Getting Dressed This is the most crucial aspect of fitting in. Mainly because in this day and age countless numbers of people will determine if you are worthy enough to say, â€Å"Hi† to them depending on your choice of apparel, rather than attempting to get to know you. Therefore if you want to get accepted among a certain clique you must dress like them. But being accepted is not just limited to clothing. This goes for hairstyles, music, movies, and hobbies. I doubt any self respecting wanna-be, such as yourself would hang out in the mall with their friends, who all have their hair died blonde, while you are still brunette. Eventually you are going to feel like the outsider and this type of attitude will stop you from being who you really are, which is a clone of your friends. So dress like your friends, but try to add some originality to your wardrobe, as this will help to gain attention. This actually leads on to my next point. 2. Getting Attention. Not only must you have a sense of originality and confidence to be cool, but you must also stand out from the herd. Part of this can be achieved through your sense of style and the rest is through your attitude. So the first thing to have is a killer pick up line, something to use when you try to meet someone at the coffee house or the record store. Something so suave so sophisticated, so irresistible that it’s frightening. Try, â€Å"The only thing your eyes haven’t told me is your name†, or † I bet you $20 dollars you’re going to turn me down†. Practice these lines while raising one eyebrow and smiling out of the corner of your mouth. You may look around, but always keep one eye on your potential date, so that they know you mean business. This may not be appropriate in hospitals, libraries, and churches, but go with your instincts; after all you are tiring to be cool. 3. The Fonz Speaking of cool, it is universally known that Fonzie is cool. Therefore you should aim at making references to Fonzie at least five times in a conversation. You know, utilize his moves like the two thumbs up and the famous, â€Å"Ehhhhhhh†. So now that you have the basic knowledge of achieving coolness you are guaranteed to be accepted among any cliques in your school. After reading this article I hope that you will pass the three tenets of coolness down from generation to generation, so that your children (or future children) and their children can be equipped with the knowledge and skills, which are vital for social school survival. How to cite A Guide to Social Climbing, Papers

What is the importance of Moira in the novel Consider the ways in which the writer presents this character Essay Example

What is the importance of Moira in the novel? Consider the ways in which the writer presents this character Essay Moira is Offreds best friend in The Handmaids Tale, from the time before. She too is a survivor of the American permissive society, who actively rebels against the Gilead system, by constantly running away from the Red Centre, where she is to be trained to become a Handmaid. She is the heroin of the novel, fighting a one-woman resistance against an entire nation. It is Moira who predicts the rise of Gilead, knowing that liberties taken for granted cease to be liberties. Look out, Moria says to Offred, as the Gileadean coup begins. You wait, she said. Theyve been building up to this. Its you and me against the wall, baby. She was quoting an expression of my mothers, but she wasnt intending to be funny. She is presented as a strongly individual character against the background of a society that seeks to deny the rights of the individual. Offred finds comfort in her memories of Moira whom she sees as the embodiment of female heroism because she stubbornly refuses to submit to the princi ples of a male-dominated regime. For example wearing clothes from the time before, She still had her clothes on, jeans and a blue sweatshirt her hair was short, shed defied fashion as usual. We are first introduced to the character of Moira in chapter 7, as a trendy college student who wears purple overalls and one dangly earring leaving her paper on Date Rape to go for a beer. Margaret Atwood presents Moira as quite a spunky character, through the short, punchy sentences. The passage is also representative of the time before with its speech being different from that in the rest of the book, for example Now, its only me. You dont need to paint your face. Moira in the novel is the only one to try and escape the enclosure of the patriarchal regime, but ends up no better off for it. Despite the horrible foot punishment Moira suffers after her first attempted escape from the Red Centre, she remains undaunted. I left that old hag Aunt Elizabeth tied up like a Christmas turkey behind the furnace. I wanted to kill her, I really felt like it., Moira later tells Offred, as she describes, in her feminist-dialogic speech, her second escape attempt. After her disappearance from the Red Centre, Moira becomes a fantasy for the other Handmaids. Because of her rebellion, the Aunts are less fearsome and more absurd, for their power is somehow flawed. She represents all that they would like to do but would not dare: Moira was our fantasy. We hugged her to us, she was with us in secret, a giggle; she was lava beneath the crust of daily life. Moira here still speaks in the same way as she did in the time before, God, do I need a cigarette, which also pr ovides an irony that Moira still uses God in vain in a supposedly religious, however perverted society. We will write a custom essay sample on What is the importance of Moira in the novel? Consider the ways in which the writer presents this character specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on What is the importance of Moira in the novel? Consider the ways in which the writer presents this character specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on What is the importance of Moira in the novel? Consider the ways in which the writer presents this character specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Later on in the novel, she is then seen by Offred on a night out with the Commander to a brothel; Moira becomes a Jezebel; sterilised, sexually appealing, scantily clad women, who are kept in a locked hotel where only the Commanders and their privileged guests may enter. It is here that Offred has her final meeting with Moira, when her Commander disguises her as one of the Jezebels and sneaks her inside for an evening of kinky sex. Its like screwing on the altar or something; your gang are supposed to be such chaste vessels, says Moira. They like to see you all painted up. Just another crummy power trip. Moira and the other Jezebels are walled up in a prison; the only exit is the death of the Unwomen: Youd have three of four good years before your snatch wears out and they send you to the boneyard. Moira, however trapped in the regime she is now, still keeps her identity from the time before, from her language. She still uses words such as Godawful and Hell no which are both religiou s taboos in Gileadian society as because it is a society based on religion, these would be considered profane. Moira relates in many ways to the themes in the novel. She strongly portrays identity, as she is always known by her own name because she never becomes a Handmaid. Moiras lesbianism may also be seen as an aspect of her heroism. By rejecting men as sexual partners, she refuses to surrender her right to a personal identity. By the same token, she refuses to accept the purely biological role that the authorities in Gilead have assigned to fertile women of childbearing age. From the outset, Moiras resistance to the regime is both overt and active. Offred remembers that, during the period leading up to the coup, it was Moira who could see most clearly that the position of women was under threat. Similarly, at the Rachel and Leah Centre, Moira refuses to be bullied or beaten into even the appearance of acceptance. Instead, she takes matters into her own hands and tries to escape. She shows intelligence, resourcefulness and courage and, eventually, succeeds. She also strongly portrays Feminism, as she is the female rebel/heroin of the novel. Offreds recollection of her ideas, attitudes and behaviour in the time before allow us to see the extreme misogynistic principles that characterise Gilead in the context of what may be similar but much more subtle ideas and attitudes belonging to the present and recent past. Despite Moiras urgent warnings, Offred herself passively accepts the social developments that gradually move towards the final coup. She is privately concerned but she does not act to protect or defend her position as a woman. Instead, she retreats into the emotional security of her relationship with Luke and concentrates her energies on home making, thus accepting the traditional female role. Another aspect of the way in which Atwood uses Moira in relation to feminism is that she shows that along with Offreds mother and Ofglen, rebels fall victim to the regime. Despite their courage and commitment, all have disappeared by the end of Offreds narrative. Ofglen and Offreds mother are dead and, although Moiras destiny remains unknown, it is likely that she has met a similar fate. By comparison with these, Offred herself is passive and unresisting. Apparently compliant, her private opposition to the regime is revealed only through the narrative that comes to light many years after her death. Therefore some critics say that one of Atwoods purposes of Moira in the novel is to make an ironic comment on the long-term effectiveness of political activism. She implicitly emphasises as does George Orwell in 1984 the personal responsibility of the individual has towards his or her truth. Atwood also uses Moira as part of her exploration of the concept of narrative. Within the incomplete and segmented narrative that is Offreds story, Atwood embeds a number of other stories that are similarly incomplete. Moiras end is unknown but it is an interesting insight into the significance of Moira in Offreds life that the latter speculates to the ending of Moiras story that she would like to tell. The character of Moira can present quite a few messages from Atwood. J. Brooks Bouson points out that the narrative, while typecasting Moira as a feminist rebel. Also dramatises her defeat, as although Moira did everything in her power to escape the Red centre and the regime, she actually ended up still imprisoned. Moiras tragedy is that her energy and courage cannot be accommodated within Gilead, yet the regime will not let her escape. I think Atwoods message is bleak. She seems to condemn Offred and Serena Joy for being complacent and serving as agents of the totalitarian state, but then when Moira stopped complying, she still didnt succeed in making any difference.

Penal System essays

Penal System essays Prison inmates, are some of the most "maladjusted" people in society. Most of the inmates have had too little discipline or too much, come from broken homes, and have no self-esteem. They are very insecure and are "at war with themselves as well as with society" (Szumski 20). Most inmates did not learn moral values or learn to follow everyday norms. Also, when most lawbreakers are labeled criminals they enter the phase of secondary deviance. They will admit they are criminals or believe it when they enter the phase of secondary deviance (Doob 171). Next, some believe that if we want to rehabilitate criminals we must do more than just send them to prison. For inezce, we could give them a chance to acquire job skills; which will improve the chances that inmates will become productive citizens upon release. The programs must aim to change those who want to change. Those who are taught to produce useful goods and to be productive are "likely to develop the self-esteem essential to a normal, integrated personality" (Szumski 21). This kind of program would provide skills and habits and "replace the sense of hopelessness" that many inmates have (Szumski 21). Moreover, another technique used to rehabilitate criminals is counseling. There is two types of counseling in general, individual and group counseling. Individual counseling is much more costly than group counseling. The aim of group counseling is to develop positive peer pressure that will influence its members. One idea in many sociology text is that group problem-solving has definite advantages over individual problem-solving. The idea is that a wider variety of solutions can be derived by drawing from the experience of several people with different backgrounds. Also one individuals problem might have already been solved by another group member and can be suggested. ...

Mass Spectrometry - What It Is and How It Works

Mass Spectrometry - What It Is and How It Works Mass spectrometry (MS) is an analytical laboratory technique to separate the components of a sample by their mass  and electrical charge. The instrument used in MS is called mass spectrometer. It produces a mass spectrum that plots the mass-to-charge (m/z) ratio of compounds in a mixture. How a Mass Spectrometer Works The three main parts of a mass spectrometer are the ion source, the mass analyzer, and the detector. Step 1: Ionization The initial sample may be a solid, liquid, or gas. The sample is vaporized into a gas and then ionized by the ion source, usually by losing an electron to become a cation. Even species that normally form anions or dont usually form ions are converted to cations (e.g., halogens like chlorine and noble gases like argon). The ionization chamber is kept in a vacuum so the ions that are produced can progress through the instrument without running into molecules from air. Ionization is from electrons that are produced by heating up a metal coil until it releases electrons. These electrons collide with sample molecules, knocking off one or more electrons. Since it takes more energy to remove more than one electron, most cations produced in the ionization chamber carry a 1 charge. A positive-charged metal plate pushes the sample ions to the next part of the machine. (Note: Many spectrometers work in either negative ion mode or positive ion mode, so its important to know the setting in order to analyze the data.) Step 2: Acceleration In  the mass analyzer, the ions are then accelerated through a potential difference and focused into a beam. The purpose of acceleration is to give all species the same kinetic energy, like starting a race with all runners on the same line. Step 3: Deflection The ion beam passes through a magnetic field which bends the charged stream. Lighter components or components with more ionic charge will deflect in the field more than heavier or less charged components. There are several different types of mass analyzers. A time-of-flight (TOF) analyzer accelerates ions to the same potential and then determines how long is needed for them to hit the detector. If the particles all start with the same charge, the velocity depends on the mass, with lighter components reaching the detector first. Other types of detectors measure not only how much time it takes for a particle to reach the detector, but how much it is deflected by an electric and/or magnetic field, yielding information besides just mass. Step 4: Detection A detector counts the number of ions at different deflections. The data is plotted as a graph or spectrum  of different masses. Detectors work by recording the induced charge or current caused by an ion striking a surface or passing by. Because the signal is very small, an electron multiplier, Faraday cup, or ion-to-photon detector may be used. The signal is greatly amplified to produce a spectrum. Mass Spectrometry Uses MS is used for both qualitative and quantitative chemical analysis. It may be used to identify the elements and isotopes of a sample, to determine the masses of molecules, and as a tool to help identify chemical structures. It can measure sample purity and molar mass. Pros and Cons A big advantage of mass spec over many other techniques is that it is incredibly sensitive (parts per million). It is an excellent tool for identifying unknown components in a sample or confirming their presence. Disadvantages of mass spec are that it isnt very good at identifying hydrocarbons that produce similar ions and its unable to tell optical and geometrical isomers apart. The disadvantages are compensated for by combining MS with other techniques, such as gas chromatography (GC-MS).

Lessons Learned from WWI, WWII and Vietnam War Essay

Lessons Learned from WWI, WWII and Vietnam War - Essay Example The most probable cause of the war was the assassination of Ferdinand the crown prince of Austria-Hungary by Serbian Slavs on June 28, 1914 at Sarajevo. If you ask many leaders of the time, they would say the war was inevitable. However, as Stoessinger would put it â€Å"it was people who actually precipitated wars† (Xiii). The Austria-Hungary leader Emperor Franz Joseph had a great hatred for Slavs and combined with unrelenting pressure from his chief of staff general Conrad Von Hotzendorff and foreign minister Count Leopold Von Berchtold, he decided to wage war on Serbia. The war was thus not a revenge for the assassination as the Kaiser of Germany Wilhelm II would have expected. The Kaiser gave Joseph his undying support not knowing his real intentions. The support was sacred and irrevocable hence could never be retracted (Nibelungentreue) and Joseph knew this. That is one lesson leaders should have learnt: never to let personal ethics rule over political judgment. If Kaise r had known what his support would result to, he would not have given it in the first place. The effect was that it put him right at crossroads with his cousin Czar Nicholas II of Russia as he entered the war to defend Serbia against unjust aggression by Austria. Czar did not see the reason why Austria would send such a humiliating and provocative ultimatum to Serbia. He saw it as an excuse to wage war on Serbia and he was not mistaken therefore, despite diplomacy from Kaiser nothing could stop his army from mobilizing for an imminent war.

Capital Budgeting Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

Capital Budgeting - Statistics Project Example One of the most important considerations for an investment and financing decision will be proper asset-liability management. Companies will have to face a severe asset-liability mismatch if the long-term requirements are funded by the short-term sources of funds. Such a mismatch will lead to an interest risk thereby enhancing the interest burden of the firm and a liquidity risk with the short-term funds being help up in long-term projects. Whenever a business firm plans to invest in a long-term project, it needs to assess the benefits that can be reaped out from that particular long-term investment and come to a conclusion whether that particular investment is profitable for the business or not. The entire process of assessing a proposed long-term investment and coming to a conclusion whether it is worth investing or not is termed as "Capital Budgeting." The ultimate goal of any individual or a firm's maximization of profits or rate of returns - in other words market value of one's investments. Thus, investment management is an ongoing process which needs to be constantly monitored by way of information as this may affect the value of securities or rate of returns of such securities. ... c. Estimate of future profitability and growth and the reliability of such expectations. d. Translation of all these estimates into valuation of the company and the securities. The global financial markets now-a-days are getting more integrated, and people and firms are entering into more and more cross - border financial deals. In order to make these transactions feasible, a system for determination of the amount and method of payment of the underlying financial flows is needed. Since the domestic currencies of the parties involved will be different, the flows will take place in some mutually acceptable currency. All the relevant transaction taking place would hence be on account of international trade in goods or services, or due to acquisition or liquidation of financial assets, or because of creation or repayment of international credit. Measurement of Total risk Undoubtedly, all the modern forms of risk quantification find their origins in Risk is associated with the dispersion in the likely outcomes. Dispersion refers to variability. If an asset's return has no variability, it has no risk. An investor analyzing a series of returns on an investment over a period of years needs to know something about the variability of its returns or in other words the assets' total risk1. There are different ways to measure variability of returns. The range of the returns, i.e. the difference between the highest possible rate of return and the lowest possible rate of return is one measure, but the range is based on only two extreme values. The variance of an asset's rate of return can be found as the sum of the squared deviation of each possible rate of return from the expected rate of return

Free Essays: A Mapmaker’s Dream :: mapmaker

  16th Century Map of the World   In James Cowan’s â€Å"A Mapmaker’s Dream,† a 16th century roman monk vicariously travels the world without actually leaving the confines of his monastery.   The monk, named Fra Mauro, learns of the world through stories told by a variety of travelers.   With his newly acquired perception of the world, Fra sets out to chart the lands that were, at that time, still being discovered.   From these stories, Fra’s â€Å"perfect map,† or mappi mundi as he called it, would be constructed.   In this process, the boundaries of Fra’s world would be pushed to the limit.   Being celibate from exposure to the world around him, Fra spread word that he would be building a map of the new world.   Quick response from seasoned explorers from all corners of the world would soon become available to him as many travelers would readily unburden themselves of the new and strange things they saw.   These stories of the uncharted lands were told by a variety of people.   With vivid descriptions of the people visiting him, Fra helps to put an excellent image of his visitors into the reader’s head.   He describes one sailor as still having sea salt hanging in his beard, while describing a merchant as bone-weary and dusty from his merchant’s trail.   The stories he learns from these men also paint a great mental image as to what Fra is thinking and feeling.   From these rendezvous with travelers, the beginning of a geographical map is built, but unlike the conventional mapmakers of the time, Fra was not only interested in the shape of lands and waters, but also in the feeling these places created in the storyteller.   Other than mountains, canals, and valleys, Fra Mauro learns about the culture, peculiarities, and feelings of the locations that the travelers visited.   Though his sources are not of highest reliability, they are reflective of the perception of a typical 16th century person.   Two of his most interesting stories are the story of the essence of the mummy princess that he discusses with the scholar and the tale of the one-eyed, one-armed Cyclopedes that he learns from the Franciscan monk.   Fra also delves into the renaissance occurring between these same European countries and what is today the Americas.   This is how Fra Mauro’s perception of the world was built – through second hand stories told to him.

How Technology affects business Essay

1.0 Introduction Technology is an improvement over what was available in the past. People and organizations often seek technology because it eases tasks and facilitates production. With the appropriate technology, complex tasks are simplified. Man has used technology to achieve previously insurmountable tasks: walk on the moon; create test tube babies; treat life threatening diseases; predict weather; send information across the world in seconds, etc. Mark Behrsin and Bill Twibill emphasize the importance of technology in business when they write that, Visionaries such as retail giant Wal-Mart and shipment pioneer FedEx have used technology not only to solve logistical problems, but to seize new opportunities, open   new channels to market and create new business models they have forced their competitors to adopt. Wal-Mart looked to technology to improve supply chain management and steal a competitive edge. FedEx looked to the opportunities technology offered to manage the extent   of its growth without finding a way to automate business   processes. At the time its SuperTracker application cost   a massive $100 million to develop but the investment has   paid off many times over (4). The evolution of technology often accompanies the invention of machinery which is used to accomplish the required task. For instance, advances in information technology and communication have brought about mobile phones, which are a departure from the fixed lines in the past which are connected by wires. Charles F. MacCormack recalls that, In terms of people impact, technology has fundamentally changed the way we do business. Fifteen years ago, communications with our field organization was a matter of faxes at best, and more often mail couriers. An exchange of information could literally take weeks to complete†¦ Now we use email, voice and video conferencing to communicate in minutes (1). In recent years, there have been advances in various aspects of technology. However, it is important to state that while technology is often applauded for its many benefits, the phenomenon can also adversely affect businesses. This paper explores this double sided nature of technology as it affects businesses. 1.2 Thesis statement Technology is important to human beings across the world because of the many benefits which it presents. In many ways, technology has been used to solve problems facing people in various societies. This paper examines the effect of technology on businesses. If it is obvious that technology brings a world of good to the various businesses which people are involved in, what are the problems created by technology? In other words, this paper also explores the ways in which technology adversely affects businesses. 1.3 Benefits of technology in business Speed In the first place technology is beneficial to business because it speeds up the production process. Speed is necessary in business because, when there are more products in a short period of time, profit is maximized. In the printing of newspapers, high speed machines are required to ensure that mass production of the newspapers is attained in the short space of time within which the newspapers are needed. This applies to all other businesses where products need to be produced or assembled for sale. Machinery is important. In bakeries as well, technology is essential because human labor is avoided because of its inefficiency and much of the work is automated. In this case, the automation by machines also ensures that hygiene. The efficiency of machines cannot be overemphasized at this point. When compared to human labor, machines offer a higher level of efficiency. With the appropriate technology in a bakery, machines can produce more loaves of bread than human effort. Efficiency Apart from the production process, technology also ensures speed in another dimension. In service delivery, vending machines are important because they serve members of the public promptly and avoid the build up of queues. Take the ordinary coffee vending machine. It would take a longer time if people were served by a waitress. However, the coffee vending machine accepts cash and provides the service at the touch of a button. Vending machines are found in banks, under ground train stations, shopping malls, etc. Also, it is important to note that Automated Teller Machines (ATM) are an important technology that is very useful in the banking industry. These ATM have eased the stressed placed on banks by its teeming customers. With the use of ATM, bank customers can enjoy hassle free self service. They only need the attention of bank staff when they have a problem with the machine or if errors are generated by the machine. The technology of the ATM has enabled banks cope with the work lo ad and ensure that they are able to achieve more in a short period of time. In this way B. Ives and S. L. Jarvenpaa note that technology serves to expand business because with the appropriate technology they are able to take more orders and cope with more customers. Competition As businesses strive to beat their rivals and competitors, the technology used by these businesses is often a yardstick for determining leaders in the industry. Take the software industry for instance. Around the world, Microsoft is a leader in the industry because it has the technology that has made it stay there. Technology is also important in the health industry. Due to specialization, some hospitals and research centers are renowned for the diagnosis and treatment of some specific diseases. They are leaders in the industry because they have the technology to do so. J. Bakos and M. E. Treacy insist that technology is useful to businesses as they build their competitive strategy. Industry leaders and secrecy In business, the technology which enables one company stay in the lead and above other competitors is often a well kept secret. This company will never share that technology with others because it will loose its position as a leader in the industry. In medicine, the patents for the manufacture of certain drugs are owned by certain pharmaceutical companies and they are not will to give it out. Sound technology gives businesses an edge over competitors in the industry. Across borders Advances in information technology have ensured that businesses are no longer confined to particular countries but are given a chance to be heard across the world. In the light of this, businesses can extend their boundaries to other countries of the world. Furthermore, banks too have taken advantage of information technology by establishing a network of their branches around the world. This facilitates transfers within the bank and also with other banks in the world. Information technology also facilitates electronic commerce, where people can shop on the internet and have the goods sent to them in the post. This is a faceless transaction. In a study, Steve MacFeely and Caitriona Obrien find that the productivity of firms that have e-mail and a website is higher than those who do not. The foreign exchange market as well as the stock market also benefits from information technology. Today traders in various parts of the world can trade it stock and bonds from their computers in whate ver part of the world because they are connected to the Internet. 1.4 Dysfunctions of technology on business Redundant Technology poses a number of threats to businesses. As a dynamic concept, technology is always changing and improving. In various aspects of human endeavor, there is always a drive to find new methods. When this new technology is developed and put into use, it renders the previous technology redundant and this has far reaching implications on business enterprises which use the outdated technology. In the first place, these businesses face the challenge of catching up with the current technology. This involves a lot of cost. Secondly, the businesses using outmoded technology will loose customers because the newer technology will definitely be more efficient. In the long run the profit of the business will dwindle. The photography business is an example of this phenomenon. With the introduction of digital photography which ensure instant printing of photographs, old methods of photography have become very unpopular. Extra cost Technology places extra cost on businesses. With the introduction of technology, businesses which want to keep abreast with it need to spend money to train staff on the use of the new technology. Technology often requires special training. The other alternative is to employ professionals who are versed in the processes of the new technology. Employing these kinds of professionals also places a strain on the resources of the business. Businesses that want to stay afloat need to keep up with the trends in the industry and this is one of such- but it has severe cost implications. Unemployment Technology often causes drastic change and cause unemployment. With appropriate machines occasioned by technology, many employees are laid off work. This was a feature of the industrial revolution. However, the same situation applies here with the introduction of new technology. The entire idea of technology is to improve production using machines that minimize cost but in the end maximize profit. Also, there is the notion of novelty attached to technology. Thus the inefficiency associated with human labor is eliminated. Service delivery In some cases technology is not able to deliver the benefits which are expected. Managers in various organizations may have high expectation of technology. However, it is not able to delive in many cases. Mark Behrsin and Bill Twibill write that, It is understandable that businesses have come to distrust technology. There are almost constant reports detailing the   number of technology -related projects that have failed to   meet expectations. Recent research from KPMG suggests   that 56 percent of publicly-listed firms have had to write off   at least one technology project in the last five years as a   failure (4). 1.5 Conclusion Technology is essential in business but it presents some problems to businesses as well. When managers in various organizations understand these dynamics, they will succeed in their various endeavors.

Cyberstalking and Women Facts and Statistics

Cyberstalking is such a new phenomenon that the media and law enforcement have yet to broadly define and quantify it. The available resources are so few and limited that there is little information for victims or for professional victim service providers to utilize. What stats there are reveal millions of potential and projected future cases. The epidemic of identity theft indicates technology abuse is one of the fastest-growing areas of crime and those same techniques are easily applied to a specific, targeted victim. What We Know More than one million women and 370,000 men are stalked annually in the United States. An astonishing one in twelve women and one in forty-five men will be stalked in their lifetimes. The average duration of stalking is nearly two years and even longer if the stalking involves intimate partners.Within the past twelve months, 9.3 million Americans were victims of identity theft. Identity theft is often present in situations of domestic abuse and can become a form of economic abuse once the woman has left her partner. One and a half million of those reporting identity thefts in 2004 also reported that they suffered from domestic abuse and harassment from their exes. These latter stats could be more correctly re-categorized as cyberstalking incidents.National figures show victims of cyberstalking tend to be females during the college ages 18-29 but women are not the only targets. A survey of 765 students at Rutgers University and the University of Pennsylvania found 45% of stalkers to b e female and 56% to be male. National figures show most stalkers to be male by overwhelming margins (87%). Men represented over 40% of stalking victims in the Penn-Rutgers study.The Department of Justice statistical report of June 29, 2006, indicates that, on average, more than three women are murdered by their husbands or boyfriends in this country every day. The FBI reports that domestic violence is the leading cause of injury to women between the ages of 15 to 44, more than car accidents, muggings, and rapes combined. Cyberstalking provides astonishingly easy and cheap tools for an abuser to locate women who have tried to move away or go into hiding. Cyberstalking and Domestic Violence Victims Domestic violence victims are one of the most vulnerable groups to traditional stalking, so it’s no surprise they are vulnerable to cyberstalking as well. It’s a myth that if women â€Å"just leave† they will be okay. Cyberstalking is a way to continue to maintain rigid control and instill fear into a domestic partner, even when she has already left the relationship. This can happen even to those who one would think would be more prepared. Marsha was an accountant, a working mom with kids, and after her husband, Jerry’s rages got more and more severe, she decided it was time for a divorce. She told him in the safety of the lawyer’s office, where terms for their separation were laid out. To say he was angry was an understatement, he vowed right then he’d â€Å"make her pay.† This threat had new meaning when she went a couple of days later to buy groceries. When all her credit cards were politely and embarrassingly declined, she went home to discover that Jerry had canceled them and her cell phone, and drained her bank accounts, literally leaving her with just fifty cents. She was forced to get a loan from her folks to make it to the next court date. We Are All Potential Victims of Cyberstalking The ease with which someone can perpetuate a cyberstalking crime has made potential victims of us all. Individuals have been cyberstalked for the most minor reasons by people theyve angered in the past. Victims were targeted because they dumped a guy after dating less than a month, fired an employee, were part of a business deal gone bad or parked in the wrong parking spot. We have all grown so complacent about our information and how it is stored and managed; we have no idea how easy it is to access essential personal data that would unlock the safeguards to our finances, our personal and economic safety, and our lives. The havoc a cyberstalker can wreak is painful, frustrating and long-lasting, and the technological tools and resources commonly used by cyberstalkers are all available online for affordable prices.