Audit and Assuranace Global Financial Crises

Sir Richard Branson, Chairman, Virgin Group, Ltd. Case Study Essay Example

Sir Richard Branson, Chairman, Virgin Group, Ltd. Contextual investigation Essay Sir Richard Branson, Chairman, Virgin Group, Ltd. Contextual investigation Name: Course: Date: We will compose a custom paper test on Sir Richard Branson, Chairman, Virgin Group, Ltd. Contextual investigation explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Sir Richard Branson, Chairman, Virgin Group, Ltd. Contextual analysis explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Sir Richard Branson, Chairman, Virgin Group, Ltd. Contextual analysis explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Sir Richard Branson, Chairman, Virgin Group, Ltd. Contextual analysis Sir Richard Branson shows attributes of what could be a transformative pioneer. This is on the grounds that he utilizes a methodology that centers around improving the spirit and inspiration of his laborers. A transformative pioneer ordinarily expect that his laborers are his most noteworthy resources in that they are a piece of the essential variables of creation. Fulfilled specialists as a rule convey great administrations to the client prompting a chain of occasions of ensuing consumer loyalty regarding acquisition of products and ventures, which are adequate for the fulfillment of the necessities and needs. Richard Branson could be named as a brand since his picture is normally distinguished by purchasers as a major aspect of the association. He assumes a noteworthy job regarding the executives and guaranteeing the elite of the association in the market. His individual picture and character and the authoritative picture are indivisible in that he targets elevating his organization to the world through his relational aptitudes and the board ways to deal with improve the intensity of his chain of associations (Kippenberger, 2002). Branson has figured out how to impact and develop enthusiasm for his laborers as far as expanded execution through issue of inspiration and confidence. As the proprietor and supervisor of his association, he looks into the hierarchical activities and in this way is now and again engaged with direct cooperations with laborers even in the most reduced degree of authoritative progressive system. This is fundamental in that as pioneer he can show the laborers concern and comprehend their difficulties. Distinguishing proof difficulties in the working environment on part of the laborers by a pioneer or senior administration is crucial in that he can guarantee that such difficulties are tended to. This has the strength to bring about expanded efficiency by the representatives and therefore ensuing increment in incomes and consumer loyalty (Dearlove, 2007). Cooperations with the representatives over all the degrees of the chain of command is imperative in that it has empowered Branson to distinguish gifted people who are able to accept high jobs in progression in the association. This likewise benefits him with thoughts, which target expanding effectiveness and profitability in the association and therefore bringing about costs decreases and expanded efficiency and intensity of his association. These attributes delineate that a pioneer has what it takes, which guarantee that he can recognize openings, and qualified people for empowering the association achieve its key objectives and targets (Dearlove, 2007). Pioneers like Branson guarantee that their communications with the workers are planned for empowering transparency and expanding nature. This is a fundamental methodology in that it targets empowering sharing of data and thoughts, which could be utilized by the association in accepting a situation in the market, expanding seriousness and hierarchical picture in the prevailing press (Raja, Dr. Palanichamy. 2011). Individualized thought is a principle quality displayed by transformative pioneers such a sir Richard Branson. They normally give sympathy and backing to their devotees and take into account open correspondence with the adherents and workers. This takes into consideration correspondence from most minimal degrees of progression to the top administration, for example, in Branson’s case to guarantee that he is in the know regarding the tasks in the association. Such takes into account straightforwardness in the association, as the most significant level of power is acquainted with issues in lower levels of the association just as in the activities of the association. This permits the chief to guarantee that he is acquainted with issues, which may be very essential to the tasks of the association (Dearlove, 2007). The achievement of Richard Branson and his chain of associations is owing to a significant level of hazard taking. Scholarly incitement is one of the fundamental qualities displayed by Branson in that pioneers with such attributes can challenge existent suppositions, accept high dangers just as requesting for thoughts from the devotees or workers. Branson accept a one of a kind style of authority in that he settles on choices with the wagers enthusiasm of the association and its workers. Imagination and development in Virgin Group has been one of the principle drivers of the development of the hierarchical chains given the expanded rivalry in an innovative propelled business world. Branson empowers singular development and supports ability in his association (Raja, Dr. Palanichamy. 2011). This is imperative in that he can utilize such abilities to pick up thoughts for developing his association to more prominent statures in the business world. Freedom allowed by pioneers, for example, Branson is fundamental in that the supporters or representatives can settle on choices as far as the execution of undertakings appointed to them by the executives. This takes into consideration advancement and inventiveness to build efficiency in the association and along these lines guaranteeing expanded consumer loyalty from administrations of items conveyed by an association (Kippenberger, 2002).. A solitary style of initiative is inadequate to guarantee that the association is worked in an expert way while guaranteeing viewpoints, for example, dynamic cooperation of the representatives, regard for more significant position authority and consolation of representatives is realized. Consequently, it is crucial to utilize a mix of the different styles of administration to guarantee a multifaceted methodology in driving the association. The significant administration styles expected by pioneers in current associations incorporate dictator draws near, value-based initiative, free enterprise authority style, which is considered as a â€Å"hands off approach†, could be accepted by Branson in running his gatherings of associations (Kippenberger, 2002). A dictator approach is fundamental in that guarantees the minimization and destruction of issues of insolence and need off recognition of an order in the authoritative progressive system. What's more, it additionally ingrains a significant level of control and obligation as the representatives target guaranteeing insignificant clashes or experiences with the more significant level of power in light of decreased efficiency and poor yield as far as nature of work in the association. It could be accepted by Branson as he continued looking for guaranteeing that all the workers can adhere to guidelines gave and sets of principles in the association. This guarantees insignificant deviations in tasks consequently negligible expenses of activity just as decrease in operational expenses. A delegative style or approach could likewise be fused in the initiative style expected by Branson. This methodology is basic in that the pioneer stays of his definitive situation to give bearing and settle on choices in the association towards the accomplishment of the hierarchical objectives and goals. It accommodates issue of undertakings dependent on the perspective on the pioneer and guarantees that the pioneer is obligated for the results of the different choices embraced. Further more free enterprise administration style of authority could likewise be utilized specifically by Branson to guarantee expansion of advantages from the utilization of a consolidated methodology of initiative (Maag, Kasermann, 2010). This typically is like the delegative methodology and involves the issue of assignments, obligations and duties to the workers by the pioneer with next to zero course as far as execution of such errands. This methodology is utilized essentially in undertakings, which the e xistent representatives are familiar with and can execute such errands and obligations easily (Raja, Dr. Palanichamy. 2011). The representatives are generally permitted unreasonable self-sufficiency in free enterprise authority style of initiative. In any case, the workers can demand help to guarantee that the errands are executed as for the directions gave by the pioneer or the administration. This would guarantee decrease of time spent on assessment of procedures, as the representatives comprehend of the desire as far as yield from the undertakings and obligations appointed to them by the pioneer. A joined methodology is basic in that it guarantees the expansion of advantages, for example, expanded power, expanded profitability and expanded advancement and inventiveness by the representatives. In the event that Branson were chipping away at a worldwide task, he would accept a participative methodology as far as administration. This involves on the support of cooperation of the different partners in the venture to guarantee the age of various thoughts. Moreover, the assurance of the choices would accept an aggregate methodology in that all the partners would potentially be urged to give sees in the dynamic procedures. Furthermore, he would likewise assign undertakings to the different people to urge specialization of work to accumulate most extreme advantages for possible accomplishment of the venture Avolio, Bass, Jung, 1999). Furthermore, the task would likewise require a definitive style of administration to guarantee adherence to the exacting estimates, for example, the period for fruition or achievement gave and objectives to possible finishing and accomplishment of the venture. Moreover, the connections with the partners and the workers would furnish Branson with a significant viewpoint. A worker viewpoint is fundamental in that

Ingrezza Uses, Side Effects, Dosages, Precautions

Ingrezza Uses, Side Effects, Dosages, Precautions Schizophrenia Print What to Know About Ingrezza (Valbenazine) A Prescription Drug Used to Treat Tardive Dyskinesia By Sara Lindberg Sara Lindberg, M.Ed., is a freelance writer focusing on mental health, fitness, nutrition, and parenting.   Learn about our editorial policy Sara Lindberg Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on July 06, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 30, 2020 More in Disorders Schizophrenia Addiction ADHD Eating Disorders Social Anxiety Disorder Bipolar Disorder BPD Depression OCD GAD Panic Disorder PTSD View All In This Article Table of Contents Expand Uses Before Taking Dosage Side Effects Warnings and Interactions View All Back To Top Valbenazine, more commonly known as Ingrezza, is the first FDA-approved medication for tardive dyskinesia (TD), a serious side effect from long-term use of drugs that treat mental illness. Ingrezza is a vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) inhibitor that works by changing the activity of certain natural substances in the brain. Ingrezza helps patients who are dealing with TD, which appears as repetitive, jerking movements in the face, neck, and tongue as a result of long-term use of antipsychotic medications. TD can also occur from taking medications used for treating nausea. Ingrezza comes in a capsule form that you take once daily. To date, there is no generic version of Ingrezza available in the United States. Uses Valbenazine or Ingrezza was approved by the FDA in 2017 as a treatment for TD.  The medication is prescribed to treat adults who experience movements in the face, tongue or other body parts that cannot be controlled. While Ingrezza may help decrease the side effects of TD, it is not a cure for this condition. Before Taking Patients with a history of long-term antipsychotic medication for conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression, and who are experiencing the side effects of TD, are good candidates for Ingrezza. If treatment with Ingrezza is successful, it allows patients to continue to take their antipsychotic medications, whereas, in the past, discontinuation or treatment with off-label medications was the only way to manage TD. Precautions and Contraindications To date, no controlled trials exist to establish the safety and efficacy of Ingrezza in children. That’s why the drug is prescribed for adults only and not approved for use by anyone under the age of 18 years old. There is also a lack of information related to drug-association risks in pregnant or lactating women. Because of this, women should be cautioned about using Ingrezza while pregnant, and should always talk to their doctor about risks or discontinuing a prescription drug. Additionally, if you are taking Ingrezza, breastfeeding is not recommended during the course of the medication and for five days after the final dose. Since sleepiness is the most common side effect, patients should not perform activities requiring mental alertness, such as operating heavy machinery, until they know how they will be affected. Tell your doctor if: You have liver problems prior to taking Ingrezza. Patients with severe renal impairment should avoid taking Ingrezza.You are allergic to valbenazine, or any other medications.You are taking any other medications. Several medications may interact with Ingrezza, including monoamine oxidase inhibitors, deutetrabenazine, tetrabenazine, ketoconazole, itraconazole, carbamazepine, phenytoin, fluoxetine, paroxetine, quinidine, rifampin, and digoxin. Other Vesicular Monoamine Transporter 2 (VMAT2) Inhibitors In addition to Ingrezza, Austedo (generic name: deutetrabenazine) is also sometimes prescribed for TD. It is mostly used to treat involuntary muscle movements caused by Huntington’s disease. Dosage Ingrezza is available in 40-mg and 80-mg capsules taken orally daily. According to the manufacturer, your doctor will prescribe an initial dose of 40-mg once daily for one week. After one week, you will increase to the recommended dose of 80-mg once daily. All listed dosages are according to the drug manufacturer. Check your prescription and talk to your doctor to make sure you are taking the right dose for you. Modifications According to the manufacturer, the following conditions require a modification of the dosage: If you have severe hepatic impairment (decreased liver function), the recommended dose of Ingrezza is 40 mg once daily.A reduced dose of 40 mg is also recommended if Ingrezza is taken alongside a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, a class of drugs that can reduce your ability to metabolize certain medicines. Concomitant (simultaneous) use of Ingrezza with a drug in this class should be done with caution.No dose adjustment is required for elderly patients. How to Take and Store Take with or without food.If you miss a dose, take the missed dose as soon as you remember, but if it’s almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule.  Do not double up to make up for a missed dose.Do not stop taking Ingrezza without talking to your doctor first.If you take more than the recommended dose, call your poison control center at 1-800-222-1222.When storing Ingrezza, keep the capsules in the original container and at room temperature away from heat and moisture. Ideal conditions are  20 °C to 25 °C (68 °F to 77 °F). Store out of reach of children and make sure the bottle is closed. Throw away any unused medicine after the expiration date. Side Effects Common side effects of Ingrezza include the following: Sleepiness (this is the most common side effect)HeadacheDizziness, change in balance that can result in trouble walking or fallsDry mouthConstipationBlurred vision More severe side effects can include: Heart rhythm problems  Allergic reaction resulting in hives, difficulty breathing, swelling of the face, lips, or mouthShortness of breathFainting or loss of consciousness If you experience any of these symptoms, call your doctor immediately, or seek emergency care right away. Ingrezza may cause other side effects. If you experience anything not on this list, make note of it, and talk with your doctor. Warnings and Interactions Several prescription medications cause complications when taken with Ingrezza. The following drugs have clinically important interactions with Ingrezza: Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs): Taking Ingrezza and MAOIs such as isocarboxazid, phenelzine, selegiline at the same time is not recommended.  Strong CYP3A4 Inhibitors: Taking a strong CYP3A4 such as itraconazole, ketoconazole, or clarithromycin with the full dose of Ingrezza is contraindicated. The current guidelines recommend reducing Ingrezza dose if taken at the same time as a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor.Strong CYP2D6 Inhibitors: Taking a strong CYP2D6 inhibitor such as paroxetine, fluoxetine, quinidine with the full dose of Ingrezza is contraindicated. The current guidelines recommend reducing Ingrezza dose based on tolerability if taken at the same time as a strong CYP2D6 inhibitor.Strong CYP3A4 Inducers: Taking a strong CYP3A4 inducer such as rifampin, carbamazepine, phenytoin, or St. John’s wort with the full dose of Ingrezza is contraindicated. The current guidelines do not recommend taking these together.Digoxin: Adjust dosage of digoxin if needed.  Grapefruit products s uch as grapefruit juice may worsen the side effects of Ingrezza. Feeling sleepy or experiencing an irregular heart rhythm can happen if you regularly consume grapefruit products. Talk to your doctor about any side effects you may experience.Ingrezza may impair your thinking or reaction time. That’s why it’s recommended to avoid drinking alcohol until you know how your body reacts to the dose. Additionally, operating hazardous equipment should also be paused until you know how Ingrezza will affect you.Do not stop this medication on your own. Talk with your doctor about how to gradually come off of Ingrezza.   To report suspected adverse reactions, you may contact AbbVie Inc.at 1-800-633-9110 or the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. How Doctors Choose Between an Atypical and Typical Antipsychotic

polarity - definition and examples of polarity in English

A Study On Chronic Coffee Consumption Has Preventative On...

The primary objective of this research was to produce a study that displayed that chronic coffee consumption has preventative effects in mammals. This paper will allow me to trace the method that the scientists used in this particular mice experiment. Using the scientific method during the mice experiment allowed the scientists to ask certain questions, make observations, and receive answers to their questions. During this experiment twenty one mice were tested to determine whether water or diluted black coffee would lower the mice blood glucose levels. Through my research and examination of this experiment I will develop a hypothesis and come to a conclusion on the basis of the research provided. Identifying the Steps, Observations, and Hypothesis The identified steps of the scientific method are ask a question, do background research, construct a hypothesis, test your hypothesis by doing an experiment, analyze your data and draw a conclusion, and communicate your results. The observations the scientist made leading up to this experiment were that mice, which are mammals, have a relatively similar body system to that of a human. The fact that mice’s DNA is so similar to that of a human and that their life span is so short, scientist can observe how this experiment will affect their bodies in a much faster frame of time. The hypothesis drawn from this experiment seems to be at odds with the blood glucose in the mice that consumed the coffee rather than the water had dropped

A Guide to Social Climbing Free Essays

Have you ever noticed that every school has cliques and that each clique has its own rules that determine whether you are accepted or rejected? For many students the clichà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ that they belong to will play a major role in who they are and what their schools days will be like. For this reason I believe it is of crucial importance that the younger generations of students are educated in the 3 tenets of coolness. By acquiring these skills, they will have a higher probability of growing up to become mature adults who suffer little or no emotional trauma, at the hassle of their peers. We will write a custom essay sample on A Guide to Social Climbing or any similar topic only for you Order Now Depending on the category of school you attend and the area in which it is located, its social hierarchy may change. Nevertheless, typically the popular people are at the top, the losers at the bottom, and in between are several different classifications. Being conscious of where you belong is vital. It is easy to put yourself within a division, unless you understand complex nature of school cliques. The â€Å"losers† are at the bottom of the social ladder, forced to function outside of the cliquish system. No one truly wants to associate with them. The majority of students emotionally abuse the losers and use them as scapegoats. They’re teased relentlessly and, as a result, are shy. Their shyness and quietness are a way of deflecting unwanted attention to themselves. But no matter how quiet they are, they often find themselves as the object of a cruel joke. Common characteristics here are quietness, low self esteem, â€Å"doormatish† behavior, unusual calmness, and homicidal impulses. Above the losers are Nerds. These teens average A’s and maybe some B’s. During lunch, in the corridors is where you’ll find them. Usually them pretend to do school work but are actually playing computer games. And just in case a teacher walks by they utilize their ability to quickly change the computer screen from Space Invaders to an English Literature essay. If they are not, they find other things to occupy their time with that make the ‘preps’ and ‘populars’ laugh at them. If you have between thirty and forty friends, you are usually classified as a Prep, Preppy, or Lemming. Attending extra curricular activities such as basketball, student council, and debate team are in your record of achievements folder. This kind of student would probably do whatever it takes to maintain his or her reputation as supreme student; after all, it would go nicely in your certificate jammed record of achievements folder. So for your own selfish benefits you use your ability to pretend that you like someone, when in fact you hate them. For example, one minute you’re sneering at the obese loser at the back of the classroom who always wears black and has the same pair of glasses as your grandmas. And then two minutes later you go back there and be buddy-buddy with him, while he does your math work for you. One thing to take note of is to not become an enemy. There is always the probability that this kid is secretly planning some mastermind scheme to arrive at school flying an Apache attack helicopter with twenty M-16 automatic rifles, which are to be used at his discretion for â€Å"peace settling purposes†. Therefore it would be wise to stay on their good side to make sure you are spared if this occurs. If you have fifty friends or more, you are at the top of the social ladder, in other words you are categorized as ‘popular’. These people are extremely unfriendly to anyone outside their highly exclusive clichà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½. If an outsider tries to communicate with them, they are ignored or receive a pair of rolling eyes for their efforts. A populars daily routine includes gossiping about others and backstabbing. Now that you understand the complex behaviors and characteristics in which school cliques function, your next step is to understand the 3 tenets of coolness. These are based on guidelines of how to become cool: 1. Getting Dressed This is the most crucial aspect of fitting in. Mainly because in this day and age countless numbers of people will determine if you are worthy enough to say, â€Å"Hi† to them depending on your choice of apparel, rather than attempting to get to know you. Therefore if you want to get accepted among a certain clique you must dress like them. But being accepted is not just limited to clothing. This goes for hairstyles, music, movies, and hobbies. I doubt any self respecting wanna-be, such as yourself would hang out in the mall with their friends, who all have their hair died blonde, while you are still brunette. Eventually you are going to feel like the outsider and this type of attitude will stop you from being who you really are, which is a clone of your friends. So dress like your friends, but try to add some originality to your wardrobe, as this will help to gain attention. This actually leads on to my next point. 2. Getting Attention. Not only must you have a sense of originality and confidence to be cool, but you must also stand out from the herd. Part of this can be achieved through your sense of style and the rest is through your attitude. So the first thing to have is a killer pick up line, something to use when you try to meet someone at the coffee house or the record store. Something so suave so sophisticated, so irresistible that it’s frightening. Try, â€Å"The only thing your eyes haven’t told me is your name†, or † I bet you $20 dollars you’re going to turn me down†. Practice these lines while raising one eyebrow and smiling out of the corner of your mouth. You may look around, but always keep one eye on your potential date, so that they know you mean business. This may not be appropriate in hospitals, libraries, and churches, but go with your instincts; after all you are tiring to be cool. 3. The Fonz Speaking of cool, it is universally known that Fonzie is cool. Therefore you should aim at making references to Fonzie at least five times in a conversation. You know, utilize his moves like the two thumbs up and the famous, â€Å"Ehhhhhhh†. So now that you have the basic knowledge of achieving coolness you are guaranteed to be accepted among any cliques in your school. After reading this article I hope that you will pass the three tenets of coolness down from generation to generation, so that your children (or future children) and their children can be equipped with the knowledge and skills, which are vital for social school survival. How to cite A Guide to Social Climbing, Papers

What is the importance of Moira in the novel Consider the ways in which the writer presents this character Essay Example

What is the importance of Moira in the novel? Consider the ways in which the writer presents this character Essay Moira is Offreds best friend in The Handmaids Tale, from the time before. She too is a survivor of the American permissive society, who actively rebels against the Gilead system, by constantly running away from the Red Centre, where she is to be trained to become a Handmaid. She is the heroin of the novel, fighting a one-woman resistance against an entire nation. It is Moira who predicts the rise of Gilead, knowing that liberties taken for granted cease to be liberties. Look out, Moria says to Offred, as the Gileadean coup begins. You wait, she said. Theyve been building up to this. Its you and me against the wall, baby. She was quoting an expression of my mothers, but she wasnt intending to be funny. She is presented as a strongly individual character against the background of a society that seeks to deny the rights of the individual. Offred finds comfort in her memories of Moira whom she sees as the embodiment of female heroism because she stubbornly refuses to submit to the princi ples of a male-dominated regime. For example wearing clothes from the time before, She still had her clothes on, jeans and a blue sweatshirt her hair was short, shed defied fashion as usual. We are first introduced to the character of Moira in chapter 7, as a trendy college student who wears purple overalls and one dangly earring leaving her paper on Date Rape to go for a beer. Margaret Atwood presents Moira as quite a spunky character, through the short, punchy sentences. The passage is also representative of the time before with its speech being different from that in the rest of the book, for example Now, its only me. You dont need to paint your face. Moira in the novel is the only one to try and escape the enclosure of the patriarchal regime, but ends up no better off for it. Despite the horrible foot punishment Moira suffers after her first attempted escape from the Red Centre, she remains undaunted. I left that old hag Aunt Elizabeth tied up like a Christmas turkey behind the furnace. I wanted to kill her, I really felt like it., Moira later tells Offred, as she describes, in her feminist-dialogic speech, her second escape attempt. After her disappearance from the Red Centre, Moira becomes a fantasy for the other Handmaids. Because of her rebellion, the Aunts are less fearsome and more absurd, for their power is somehow flawed. She represents all that they would like to do but would not dare: Moira was our fantasy. We hugged her to us, she was with us in secret, a giggle; she was lava beneath the crust of daily life. Moira here still speaks in the same way as she did in the time before, God, do I need a cigarette, which also pr ovides an irony that Moira still uses God in vain in a supposedly religious, however perverted society. We will write a custom essay sample on What is the importance of Moira in the novel? Consider the ways in which the writer presents this character specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on What is the importance of Moira in the novel? Consider the ways in which the writer presents this character specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on What is the importance of Moira in the novel? Consider the ways in which the writer presents this character specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Later on in the novel, she is then seen by Offred on a night out with the Commander to a brothel; Moira becomes a Jezebel; sterilised, sexually appealing, scantily clad women, who are kept in a locked hotel where only the Commanders and their privileged guests may enter. It is here that Offred has her final meeting with Moira, when her Commander disguises her as one of the Jezebels and sneaks her inside for an evening of kinky sex. Its like screwing on the altar or something; your gang are supposed to be such chaste vessels, says Moira. They like to see you all painted up. Just another crummy power trip. Moira and the other Jezebels are walled up in a prison; the only exit is the death of the Unwomen: Youd have three of four good years before your snatch wears out and they send you to the boneyard. Moira, however trapped in the regime she is now, still keeps her identity from the time before, from her language. She still uses words such as Godawful and Hell no which are both religiou s taboos in Gileadian society as because it is a society based on religion, these would be considered profane. Moira relates in many ways to the themes in the novel. She strongly portrays identity, as she is always known by her own name because she never becomes a Handmaid. Moiras lesbianism may also be seen as an aspect of her heroism. By rejecting men as sexual partners, she refuses to surrender her right to a personal identity. By the same token, she refuses to accept the purely biological role that the authorities in Gilead have assigned to fertile women of childbearing age. From the outset, Moiras resistance to the regime is both overt and active. Offred remembers that, during the period leading up to the coup, it was Moira who could see most clearly that the position of women was under threat. Similarly, at the Rachel and Leah Centre, Moira refuses to be bullied or beaten into even the appearance of acceptance. Instead, she takes matters into her own hands and tries to escape. She shows intelligence, resourcefulness and courage and, eventually, succeeds. She also strongly portrays Feminism, as she is the female rebel/heroin of the novel. Offreds recollection of her ideas, attitudes and behaviour in the time before allow us to see the extreme misogynistic principles that characterise Gilead in the context of what may be similar but much more subtle ideas and attitudes belonging to the present and recent past. Despite Moiras urgent warnings, Offred herself passively accepts the social developments that gradually move towards the final coup. She is privately concerned but she does not act to protect or defend her position as a woman. Instead, she retreats into the emotional security of her relationship with Luke and concentrates her energies on home making, thus accepting the traditional female role. Another aspect of the way in which Atwood uses Moira in relation to feminism is that she shows that along with Offreds mother and Ofglen, rebels fall victim to the regime. Despite their courage and commitment, all have disappeared by the end of Offreds narrative. Ofglen and Offreds mother are dead and, although Moiras destiny remains unknown, it is likely that she has met a similar fate. By comparison with these, Offred herself is passive and unresisting. Apparently compliant, her private opposition to the regime is revealed only through the narrative that comes to light many years after her death. Therefore some critics say that one of Atwoods purposes of Moira in the novel is to make an ironic comment on the long-term effectiveness of political activism. She implicitly emphasises as does George Orwell in 1984 the personal responsibility of the individual has towards his or her truth. Atwood also uses Moira as part of her exploration of the concept of narrative. Within the incomplete and segmented narrative that is Offreds story, Atwood embeds a number of other stories that are similarly incomplete. Moiras end is unknown but it is an interesting insight into the significance of Moira in Offreds life that the latter speculates to the ending of Moiras story that she would like to tell. The character of Moira can present quite a few messages from Atwood. J. Brooks Bouson points out that the narrative, while typecasting Moira as a feminist rebel. Also dramatises her defeat, as although Moira did everything in her power to escape the Red centre and the regime, she actually ended up still imprisoned. Moiras tragedy is that her energy and courage cannot be accommodated within Gilead, yet the regime will not let her escape. I think Atwoods message is bleak. She seems to condemn Offred and Serena Joy for being complacent and serving as agents of the totalitarian state, but then when Moira stopped complying, she still didnt succeed in making any difference.